Derivational affixes are prefixes or suffixes.
Derivational suffixes occur before flexional endings.
| AC-1> | -vyr..........one who | |
| lervyru | lervyroo | |
| teacher (nom.) | teacher (acc.) | |
| AC-2> | noen-..........de-, remove | |
| ik peltenoeneut | jeu peltenoenoos | |
| I skinned | you skinned | |
TYPES OF DERIVATIONAL AFFIXES: Click on the following to jump down to the affixes themselves. Sorry, many examples in the tables below are not numbered.
NOUN TO NOUN
VERB TO VERB
MODIFIER TO MODIFIER
NOUN TO VERB
NOUN TO MODIFIER
NOUN TO NOUN OR MODIFIER
VERB TO NOUN
VERB TO MODIFIER
NOUN OR MODIFIER TO VERB
NOUN OR MODIFIER TO NOUN
ADJECTIVE TO ADVERB
NEGATIVE PREFIX
NUMERAL SUFFIXES
PROPER NAME SUFFIXES
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| -cad | young of | hund ~ dog | hundecad ~ puppy |
| -caft | science of | numyr ~ number | numyrcaft ~ mathematics |
| -cimyl | place for (collection of) | buek ~ book | buekecimyl ~ library |
| -ctoib | (singulative) | sand ~ sand | sandectoib ~ grain of sand |
| falc- | false, pseudo- | verp ~ thing | falceverp ~ mirage, hallucination |
| -groep | (collective) | poliesu ~ police officer | poliesegroep ~ the police |
| -joo | inhabitant, member, adherent | koolalant ~ America | koolalantejoozu ~ American |
| -oexte | (augmentative) | meel ~ meal | meeloexte ~ feast |
| -var | in-law | fadyru ~ father | fadyrvaru ~ father-in-law |
| -xin | (diminutive) | meel ~ meal | meelxin ~ snack |
| -zait | time span of | foor ~ life | foorzait ~ lifetime |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| be- | (converts sense-verb to linking verb) |
cmeken ~ to taste | becmeken ~ to taste like |
| er- | thoroughly, "up" | beunen ~ to burn | erbeunen ~ to burn up |
| feel- | wrongly, "mis-" | cozen ~ to speak | feelcozen ~ to mis-speak |
| oer- | before, "pre-" | halten ~ to stop | oerhalten ~ to prevent |
| un- | reversal of act, "un-" | tuzen ~ to do | untuzen ~ to undo |
| viedyr- | again, "re-" | meeten ~ to meet | viedyrmeeten ~ to socialize with |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| -maist | (superlative) | good ~ good | goodemaist ~ best |
| -mer | (comparative) | good ~ good | goodemer ~ better |
| -oexte | (augmentative) | lidyl ~ little | lidyloexte ~ tiny |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| din- | give or distribute X to | eet ~ food | dineeten ~ feed |
| -noen | remove a thing or quality from X | zad ~ seed | zadenoenen ~ to de-seed |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| -emax | made of X | heut ~ wood | heutemax ~ wooden |
| -deec | resistant or invulnerable to X | foir ~ fire | foirdeec ~ fireproof |
| -ig | (marks some adjectives) | blut ~ blood | blutig ~ bloody |
| -loos | lacking in X, "-less" | voen ~ hope | voeneloos ~ hopeless |
| vel- | full of or replete with X, "-ful" | skil ~ skill | skilvel ~ skillful |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| -farb | color of | drak ~ dirt | drakefarb ~ the color of dirt; dirt-colored |
| -hiv | shape | neud ~ kidney | neudehiv ~ a kidney shape; kidney-shaped |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| -cimyl | place where action is done | fengen ~ to hold | fengecimyl ~ jail, prison |
| -eef | something that does X | lyrken ~ to suck | lyrkeef ~ sucker (as on a squid) |
| -ueci | thing to which X is done | ceuten ~ to shoot | ceutueci ~ shell, round |
| -ujo | person to whom X is done | leren ~ to teach | lerujozu ~ student |
| -vyr | person who does X | leren ~ to teach | lervyr ~ teacher |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| -geero | able to be subject to X | hoeren ~ to hear | hoergeero ~ audible |
| -iedyl | tending to do X | speesen ~ to forget | speesiedyl ~ forgetful |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| fer- | endow with attribute | deec ~ strong | ferdeecen ~ to strengthen |
| ..... | ..... | eeldor ~ life | fereeldoren ~ to animate |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| -ctyrn | one that is X | rad ~ red | radectyrn ~ red one |
| -hait | essense of X, "-ness," "-hood," etc. | mencu, mencig ~ human | mencehait ~ humanity |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| -laik | (adverbial) | pienix ~ fast, quick | pienixelaik ~ quickly |
| affix | meaning | before | after |
| ent-> | (negative prefix) | vilkum ~ welcome | entevilkum ~ unwelcome |
| -tien | -eux | -uenyr | -gin | -soo | -aif |
| + 10 | x 10 | x 100 | reciprocal | multiplicative | ordinal |
AC-3> teu teutien teuzeux teuzuenyr two twelve twenty two hundred teugin teusoo teuzaif one half twice as many/much second
| suffix | meaning | example | meaning |
| -byrg | name of town or city | siejadylbyrg | Seattle |
| -feu | matronymic | helenefeu | child of Helen |
| -gai | patronymic | polgai | child of Paul |
| -jak | name of a foreign language | angyljak | English |
| -lant | name of a country or land | koolalant | America |
| -oo | wastebasket proper noun marker | reenieroo | Rainier |
| -tru | name of a god | valdetru | Forest God |
| -vee | name of an animal | faidoovee | Fido |
Yes, more than one derivational affix can occur in the same word.
| AC-4> |
ceut shoot | + |
ueci thing to do | = |
ceutueci shell, round |
|
ceutueci shell, round | + |
xin diminutive | = |
ceutteucixin bullet |
|
|
ceutuecixin bullet | + |
deec proof | = |
ceutuecixindeec bullet-proof |
|
|
ceutuecixindeec bullet-proof | + |
ctyrn one that is | = |
ceutuecixindeectyrn bullet-proof one |
|
|
ceutuecixindeectyrn bullet-proof one | + |
ent- (negative) | = |
enteceutuecixindeectyrn non-bullet-proof one |